In today’s rapidly evolving security landscape, ensuring that only authorized individuals have access to certain areas or sensitive information is of paramount importance. Traditional lock-and-key methods are no longer sufficient, which is why  access control systems  have become a critical component in both commercial and residential security. These systems, which include  biometric  and  Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)  technologies, offer a more secure and convenient way to control and monitor access. High-quality image showcasing various access control systems, including biometric fingerprint scanning, facial recognition, RFID card readers, and key fobs, highlighting secure authentication methods. 1.  Access Control Systems Overview An  access control system  is designed to regulate who can enter a specific location, based on predefined security parameters. These systems can be physical (e.g., doors, gates) or digital (e.g., s...