Volcanic eruptions are among the most dramatic and unpredictable natural events, capable of disrupting air travel on a massive scale. One of the most significant hazards posed by volcanoes to aviation is volcanic ash—a mixture of fine rock particles and gases that can be ejected high into the atmosphere. When volcanic ash encounters aircraft, it can cause severe damage to engines, navigation systems, and airframes, posing serious risks to flight safety. The 2010 eruption of Iceland’s Eyjafjallajökull volcano, which led to the largest airspace closure since World War II, highlighted the need for better preparedness and response strategies. Since then, airlines, regulators, and scientists have worked together to mitigate the risks of volcanic ash. This article explores how airlines are preparing for these risks and ensuring the safety of passengers and crew. Illustration depicting how volcanic ash clouds impact aircraft and the advanced safety measures airlines use to ensure safe travel....